Risk assessment model for halal supply chain using an integrated approach of IFN and D number

Purpose Halal integrity assurance is the primary objective of supply chain management. Several halal-related risks are present that have potential to breach halal integrity. Therefore, this study aims develop framework for assessment risk from a perspective. Design/methodology/approach Risk related identified through combined approach systematic literature review and experts’ input. Further, these assessed using integrated intuitionistic fuzzy number (IFN) D-number based on their severity score. This can handle fuzziness, inconsistency incomplete information in expert’s Findings Eighteen significant grouped into four categories. These further prioritised score classified as “high priority risk” or “low risks”. The findings suggests raw material status, processing methods, wholesomeness materials common facilities non-halal products more severe risks. Research limitations/implications only focusses does not capture other types occurring chain. Risks management considered study. Prioritisation input which be biased experts' background. Practical implications proposed beneficial managers assess mitigation strategies accordingly. Furthermore, prioritisation also assists optimal utilisation resources mitigate high-priority Originality/value provides integrity, therefore helping better understanding To best authors' knowledge, first comprehensive developing model